Models
Frontier and open models: what shipped, what it can do, and how the claims hold up.
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Dendral becomes the first expert system
Feigenbaum, Lederberg and Djerassi begin Dendral to infer chemical structures from spectrometry.
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SHRDLU follows English commands
Terry Winograd’s SHRDLU parses English instructions to move blocks in a simulated world.
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Samuel’s checkers program learns from its own play
Arthur Samuel publishes a checkers program that improves by playing against itself.
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Thales launches HexaForce, an AI command system pitched to NATO as a European option
Thales’s AI-assisted command and control system is already with the French Army, and the company says NATO countries are in advanced talks.
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OpenAI opens its managed agent harness in public beta
OpenAI’s managed agent harness reaches public beta with no platform fee, alongside GPT-Live-1 general availability at $0.05 a minute of voice session.
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IBM and NASA release an open lunar foundation model
A model trained on nine instruments across four lunar missions, open on Hugging Face, with no parameter count or licence named in…
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Reasoning model
A model trained to work through a problem internally before committing to an answer.
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RLHF
Training a model toward responses humans rate highly, rather than toward text that merely looks likely.
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Context window
The total amount of text a model can consider at once: its entire working memory.
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Post-training
The smaller training phase that shapes a model’s behaviour rather than its knowledge.